[背景]水体有机物污染对生殖健康的危害已成为目前重点关注的问题。我国水环境污染主要是河流有机物污染。

[目的]探讨黄河包头段水源水有机提取物对小鼠生殖细胞凋亡及睾丸组织3-硝基酪氨酸（3-nitrotyrosine，3-NT）和天冬氨酸半胱氨酸特异性蛋白3（cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3，Caspase-3）表达的影响，并初步探讨其生殖毒性作用机制。

[方法]60只SPF级雄性ICR小鼠随机分为6组：对照组、黄河水有机提取物染毒组（YRW-OE组）、黄河水有机提取物+N-乙酰半胱酸（NAC）处理组（YRW-OE+NAC组）、自来水有机提取物染毒组（TW-OE组）、自来水有机提取物+NAC处理组（TW-OE+NAC组）、NAC组，每组10只。经口灌胃染毒，隔日1次，每次染毒前1 h YRW-OE+NAC组、TW-OE+NAC组及NAC组小鼠经腹腔以0.02 mL/g（以体重计）体积注射浓度为10 g/L的NAC。染毒4周后，取小鼠附睾及睾丸组织，透射电镜检测生殖细胞凋亡，采用细胞计数板计数精子数量和观察精子畸形，ELISA法检测睾丸组织3-NT的表达，Western blotting法检测睾丸组织Caspase-3表达。

[结果]与对照组［（4.）×107/g，（4.）%］比较，YRW-OE组小鼠精子数量［（2.）×107/g］减少，精子畸形率［（19.）%］增加（P ＜ 0.05），TW-OE组仅精子畸形率［（7.）%］增加（P ＜ 0.05）；YRW-OE+NAC组小鼠精子数量［（3.）×107/g］高于YRW-OE组（P ＜ 0.05），精子畸形率［（11.）%］低于YRW-OE组（P ＜ 0.05）；TWOE+NAC组小鼠精子畸形率［（5.）%］低于TW-OE组（P ＜ 0.05）。透射电镜显示，YRWOE组细胞核碎裂，核糖体和溶酶体等细胞器减少，细胞器结构不完整，凋亡细胞多见；YRW-OE+NAC组偶见核染色质固缩，核糖体、内质网和溶酶体等细胞器未见减少。与对照组比较，各染毒组小鼠睾丸组织3-NT和Caspase-3蛋白表达量明显增加，YRW-OE+NAC组3-NT［（8.）mg/L］和Caspase-3蛋白（0.）表达均低于YRW-OE组［（12.）mg/L、0.，均P ＜ 0.05］；TW-OE+NAC组仅3-NT表达低于TW-OE组［（7.）、（9.）mg/L，P ＜ 0.05］。

[结论]黄河水有机提取物能够引起实验小鼠睾丸生殖细胞凋亡增加，3-NT和Caspase-3蛋白表达量增加；氧化应激激活Caspase-3信号通路介导生殖细胞凋亡可能是其生殖毒性的重要作用机制之一。

包头医学院科学研究基金项目（BYJJ-YF ）；内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（NJZCI）；2019年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（2）

高艳荣（1978—），女，硕士，副教授；E-

高艳荣，E-

高艳荣，史雪敏，贾玉巧，等.黄河包头段水源水有机提取物对雄性小鼠生殖细胞凋亡及睾丸组织3-NT/Caspase-3表达的影响［J］.环境与职业医学，2019，36（12）：1137-1142.

[Background]Reproductive health hazards sourced from organic pollutants in river water have become a major concern at present. The pollution of river water in China is mainly caused by organic pollutants.

[Objective]This experiment investigates the effects of organic pollutants in source water in Baotou section of the Yellow River on the apoptosis of germ cells and the expressions of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) in testis of male mice, and preliminarily explores the relevant mechanism of action.

[Methods]Sixty SPF ICR male mice were randomly divided into six groups: control group, Yellow River water organic extracts treatment group (YRE-OE group), Yellow River water organic extracts+N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment group (YRE-OE+NAC group), tap water organic extracts treatment group (TW-OE group), tap water organic extracts+NAC treatment group (TW-OE+NAC group), and NAC group, with 10 mice in each group. The YRE-OE were administered to all mice by gavage once every other day, and the mice in the YRE-OE+NAC group, TW-OE+NAC group, and NAC group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 g/L NAC in a volume of 0.02 mL/g (in body weight) 1 h before the YRE-OE administration. After four weeks of the exposure, epididymis and testis tissues were isolated to observe germ cell apoptosis under transmission electron microscope; germ cells were counted and sperm malformation was observed; 3-NT expression in testis was detected by ELISA; and Caspase-3 protein expression was detected by Western blotting.

[Results]Compared with the control group [(4.)×107/g, (4.)%], the YRE-OE group showed decreased germ cells [(2.)×107/g] and increased sperm malformation rate [(19.) %] (P ＜ 0.05), and the TW-OE group only showed increased sperm malformation rate [(7.)%] (P ＜ 0.05); compared with the YRE-OE group, the YRE-OE+NAC group showed increased germ cells [(3.)×107/g] and decreased sperm malformation rate [(11.) %] (P ＜ 0.05); compared with the TW-OE group, the TWOE+NAC group showed decreased sperm malformation rate [(5.) %] (P ＜ 0.05). Under transmission electron microscope, nuclear fragmentation, reduced cell organelles such as ribosomes and lysosomes, destroyed mitochondrial structure, and abundant apoptosis germ cells were observed in the YRE-OE group; however, such phenomenon was rarely observed in the YRE-OE+NAC group. Compared with the control group, the 3-NT and Caspase-3 expressions were increased in the exposure groups; the YRE-OE+NAC group showed lower 3-NT [(8.) mg/L] and Caspase-3 (0.) expressions than the YRE-OE group [(12.) mg/L, 0., P ＜ 0.05]; the TW-OE+NAC group only showed lower 3-NT expression [(7.) vs. (9.) mg/L, P ＜ 0.05] than the TW-OE group.

文章来源：《黄河之声》 网址: http://www.hhzszz.cn/qikandaodu/2020/0929/471.html